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Angkor Wat a giant Hindu temple complex in Cambodia dedicated to the god Vishnu. It is one of the largest ever built religious buildings and one of the most important archaeological monuments of the world. Built in the first half of the 12th century during the reign of King Suryavarman II.

Angkor Wat is located 5.5 km north of the modern city of Siem Reap the capital of the same province of Cambodia, and is part of the temple complex built in the region of the ancient capital of the state of the Khmer the city of Angkor. Angkor covers an area of ​​200 km2 Recent studies indicate that its area could be about 3000 km2 and the population reached half a million inhabitants making it one of the largest human settlements of the pre-industrial era.

Initially dedicated to the god Vishnu from the point of view of architecture unites the typology of the Hindu temple-mountain representing the mythical mountain Meru the abode of the gods and the typology of galleries typical of the architecture of later periods. The temple consists of three concentric rectangular structures the height of which increases toward the center along the perimeter surrounded by a wall of 1.5 × 1.3 km and a moat with water the length of which is 3.6 km and the width is 190 m. The inner structure contains Five towers in the shape of a lotus; The central tower rises 42 m above the sanctuary, while its total height from the surface of the earth reaches 65 m.

It should be understood that "Angkor" is not a historical name inherently inherent in this area of ​​the Kingdom of Cambodia. It arose much later when the local places were long ago abandoned by the Khmer rulers lost their role of the capital region and began to decline. Nevertheless, people always stayed here so Angkor for a long time kept the importance of an important economic center and a large city which later was reflected in the toponym. Over the course of centuries, the reduced common folk noko acquired the significance of the name of its own Ongko entrenched in the name of the architectural park of Angkor the city of Angkor Thom.

To this must be added that in the Khmer language there are various concepts for designating a city the main city of a province or a region a metropolis as well as a metropolitan city and even more so the capital of a kingdom and a democratic state. So referring to Phnom Penh the Khmers often say just tikrong that is the city that is the seat of the king its throne-hail. Unlike the original Noko the word Ongko has the meaning of the throne but it is used exclusively for the ancient Khmer capitals. That is Ongko may not be all namely one of the former capitals Mohanoko.

The word Wat goes back to the Pali expression waththu-arama which denoted the sacred ground of the monastery monastery but in many countries of Southeast Asia Long has a broader meaning referring to any Buddhist monastery temple or pagoda. In the Khmer woah can mean both a temple and worship admiration. Indeed, Angkor Wat is a symbol of the national pride of the Khmer.

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