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Tulip genus perennial herbaceous bulbous plants of the family Liliaceae in modern systematics comprising more than 80 types. Center of origin and greatest diversity of species tulips the mountains of northern Iran the Pamir-Alai and Tien Shan 10-15 million years of evolution tulips settled to Spain and Morocco in the west to the Trans-Baikal in the east to the Sinai Peninsula in the south. In the north of the introduced human populations Tulipa sylvestris reached Scotland and the southern coast of Scandinavia.

All tulips typical geophytes ephemeroids have adapted to life in the mountains steppe and desert areas with hot dry summers cold winters and short warm and wet spring. Development of a tulip from seed to flowering plant takes from three to seven years. Generational change bulbs unlike Narcissus occur annually. During the short growing season spring tulip blossoms fruits and lays underground young bulbs and faded bulb die. During the summer of rest and in some species and in the winter inside the bulb formed the beginnings of the shoot and flower next year. In autumn bulb gives roots and completes a bookmark fruiting escape.

Natural habitat type of tulip consists of a vast Central Asian core exciting in the West Balkans the north of Western Siberia in the south of Iran and the Sinai Peninsula to the east of Xinjiang and western regions of Mongolia and isolated outbreaks in the western Mediterranean and the Far East. Further to the north of all kinds in the former Soviet Union come tulip Bieberstein and tulip drooping controversial views in the latest systematics considers the form of a tulip forest. The closest relatives of tulips plants of the genus Amana until 1935 included in the genus Tulipa colonized the Korean peninsula the Japanese islands and the east of China. Another relative tulip race erythronium distributed in Eurasia and North America. The greatest diversity of species observed in the territories of Cappadocia in the west to Bactria in the east in particular in northern Iran the Pamir-Alai and Tien Shan. Plants climb the mountains to an altitude of about 3000 m above sea level. Here, in the foothills Pamiro Alai and Tien-Shan there are two primary types of forming chamber. In the modern era according to ZP Bochantsevoy shaping tulips continues in three regions the Pamir-Alai Western Tien Shan and in the deserts of Central Asia.

In Europe tulips once introduced the man widely spread beyond the natural range. Various forms of tulips northern Italy France and Switzerland, the previously recognized certain types of group Neotulipae descendants of garden tulips Gesner. Introduced Tulipa sylvestris found in Western Europe almost everywhere including Scotland the Baltic states and southern regions of the Nordic countries. Its populations in northern Germany map coincides with a map of the lost estates and church gardens.

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